China fires back at US with new port charges on American vessels

China’s Ministry of Transport has announced the introduction of special port fees on ships owned, operated, built or flagged in the United States, effective 14 October 2025 — the same day Washington’s new tariffs on Chinese-linked vessels come into force.

The move marks Beijing’s first direct maritime countermeasure in the deepening trade confrontation with the United States and adds a new layer of complexity for global carriers operating between the world’s two largest economies.

China’s new regulation introduces a 400-yuan (US $56) per net tonne fee on ships tied to American interests, rising to 1,120 yuan (US $157) by 2028. Each vessel will be charged up to five times per year.

The announcement follows Washington’s decision to impose new port fees on Chinese-built, -owned or -operated ships from 14 October.

The American tariff rates start at $18–50 per net ton or $120 per container discharged, rising gradually to $33 and $250 respectively by 2028. The U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) said the policy aims to counter China’s dominance in global shipbuilding and encourage orders for U.S.-built vessels.

Analysts estimate the new fees could cost shipowners over $3 billion annually, prompting some carriers to reroute or redeploy tonnage to avoid exposure.

While relatively few commercial vessels sail under the U.S. flag, the Chinese regulation also covers ships owned or operated by American companies, or built in the United States, which could capture a wider pool of operators.

Global logistics analysts warn that dual port fees could increase costs and operational complexity for shipping lines, already facing high insurance premiums and rerouting due to geopolitical tensions in the Red Sea and Taiwan Strait.